Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Hien NT[original query] |
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Increasing HIV prevalence and injection drug use among men who have sex with men in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Tuan NA , Johnston LG , Thanh DC , Le LN , Hoang TV , Quang TD , Quoc NC , Nadol P , Hien NT , Abdul-Quader A . Int J STD AIDS 2020 31 (13) 1247-1254 Vietnam has been conducting HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) integrated bio-behavioral surveillance surveys on men who have sex with men (MSM) as well as other key populations since 2005. Although HIV prevalence in the Vietnamese general population remains below 1%, it is expected to be much higher among MSM.Data on HIV prevalence and sexual and drug use behaviors were collected from MSM in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in 2006 (n = 397), 2009 (n = 399) and 2013 (n = 350) using respondent-driven sampling. Eligible participants were males, aged ≥15 years who reported having manual, oral, or anal sexual activity with males in the past year and lived, worked or socialized in HCMC.HIV seroprevalence among MSM was 5.8% in 2006, 16.1% in 2009 and 12.1% in 2013 and prevalence of at least one STI (syphilis, gonorrhea and/or chlamydia infection) was 11.4% in 2006 and 15.6% in 2009 (no data for 2013). Significant, but small, increasing trends were found for MSM who reported ever testing and receiving results for HIV and for HIV prevalence. No significant changes for condom use, injecting and non-injecting drug use, or and receipt of free condoms were observed.Although a small percentage of MSM reported injecting drugs, HIV was positively associated with ever injecting drugs. Programs targeting MSM should include screening and treatment for injection drug use to most effectively control the HIV/AIDS epidemic among MSM in HCMC. |
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses at the Animal-Human Interface in Vietnam, 2003-2010.
Creanga A , Hang NLK , Cuong VD , Nguyen HT , Phuong HVM , Thanh LT , Thach NC , Hien PT , Tung N , Jang Y , Balish A , Dang NH , Duong MT , Huong NT , Hoa DN , Tho ND , Klimov A , Kapella BK , Gubareva L , Kile JC , Hien NT , Mai LQ , Davis CT . J Infect Dis 2017 216 S529-s538 Mutation and reassortment of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses at the animal-human interface remain a major concern for emergence of viruses with pandemic potential. To understand the relationship of H5N1 viruses circulating in poultry and those isolated from humans, comprehensive phylogenetic and molecular analyses of viruses collected from both hosts in Vietnam between 2003 and 2010 were performed. We examined the temporal and spatial distribution of human cases relative to H5N1 poultry outbreaks and characterized the genetic lineages and amino acid substitutions in each gene segment identified in humans relative to closely related viruses from avian hosts. Six hemagglutinin clades and 8 genotypes were identified in humans, all of which were initially identified in poultry. Several amino acid mutations throughout the genomes of viruses isolated from humans were identified, indicating the potential for poultry viruses infecting humans to rapidly acquire molecular markers associated with mammalian adaptation and antiviral resistance. |
Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in Vietnam 2011-2012-CRS epidemic after rubella epidemic in 2010-2011
Toda K , Reef S , Tsuruoka M , Iijima M , Huyen DT , Hong DT , Van Cuong N , Hien NT . Vaccine 2015 33 (31) 3673-7 BACKGROUND: Rubella is endemic in Vietnam with epidemics occurring every 4-5 years. In 2011, Vietnam experienced the large nationwide rubella epidemic. During the rubella epidemic, many infants born with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) were identified and reported from the neonatal units or cardiology departments of the national hospitals. To understand the burden of CRS, National Expanded Program on Immunization (NEPI) established sentinel CRS surveillance system. METHOD: Three national paediatric hospitals in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) were selected as CRS sentinel surveillance sites. Blood specimens from the infants were collected for rubella specific IgM and ELISA testing was performed at the national measles and rubella laboratory. RESULTS: From January 2011 to December 2012, 424 infants with suspected CRS were identified and reported. Among them 406 (96%) had specimens obtained, 284 (70%) cases were IgM positive including 279 laboratory confirmed CRS and 5 Congenital Rubella Infection (CRI). 13 cases were clinically confirmed and 127 (30%) were discarded. Total 292 infants were confirmed as CRS. Of the 292 infants with CRS, 69% of mothers had a history of "fever and rash" during pregnancy, of which 85% was in the first trimester. The most common clinical defects were congenital heart disease and cataract(s). However, 81.9% of the infants had a combination of major and minor signs and symptoms. Low birth weight in full term infants with confirmed CRS was observed in 114 infants (39%). CONCLUSIONS: The newly established CRS sentinel surveillance system documented the significant burden of CRS in Vietnam and provided evidence to the policy makers for the introduction of rubella containing vaccine (RCV) into Vietnam. This report highlights the importance of countries with rubella epidemic to establish CRS surveillance rapidly in order to support the introduction of RCV into the routine Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) immunization. |
Safer countries through global health security
Frieden TR , Tappero JW , Dowell SF , Hien NT , Guillaume FD , Aceng JR . Lancet 2014 383 (9919) 764-6 Countries around the world face a perfect storm of converging threats that might substantially increase the risk from infectious disease epidemics, despite improvements in technologies, communication, and some health systems. New pathogens emerge each year, some of which have high mortality and the potential for efficient transmission—eg, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS),1 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus,2 and avian influenza A H7N9.3 Existing pathogens are becoming resistant to available antibiotics and several are now resistant to virtually all available treatment.4 There is also the potential threat of intentional release of biological agents, which can be developed or synthesised biologically and disseminated at low cost and with little scientific expertise. Moreover, the accelerated pace of globalisation amplifies these risks: a disease is just a plane trip away, and an outbreak anywhere is a threat everywhere. | One of the primary responsibilities of any government is to protect the health and safety of its people. There are three key elements of health security: prevention wherever possible, early detection, and timely and effective response. Although many countries are now better able to manage infectious disease threats than in the past, these improvements have often been small in scale and limited in scope. The International Health Regulations (IHR), revised by WHO in 2005 to more directly address new and emerging epidemic threats,5 require all 194 signatory countries to improve capacity in these and other areas as part of their commitment to protecting health.6 Yet, at least 80% of countries did not report full IHR compliance by the 2012 deadline.7 |
Estimated global mortality associated with the first 12 months of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus circulation: a modelling study
Dawood FS , Iuliano AD , Reed C , Meltzer MI , Shay DK , Cheng PY , Bandaranayake D , Breiman RF , Brooks WA , Buchy P , Feikin DR , Fowler KB , Gordon A , Hien NT , Horby P , Huang QS , Katz MA , Krishnan A , Lal R , Montgomery JM , Molbak K , Pebody R , Presanis AM , Razuri H , Steens A , Tinoco YO , Wallinga J , Yu H , Vong S , Bresee J , Widdowson MA . Lancet Infect Dis 2012 12 (9) 687-95 BACKGROUND: 18,500 laboratory-confirmed deaths caused by the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 were reported worldwide for the period April, 2009, to August, 2010. This number is likely to be only a fraction of the true number of the deaths associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1. We aimed to estimate the global number of deaths during the first 12 months of virus circulation in each country. METHODS: We calculated crude respiratory mortality rates associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 strain by age (0-17 years, 18-64 years, and >64 years) using the cumulative (12 months) virus-associated symptomatic attack rates from 12 countries and symptomatic case fatality ratios (sCFR) from five high-income countries. To adjust crude mortality rates for differences between countries in risk of death from influenza, we developed a respiratory mortality multiplier equal to the ratio of the median lower respiratory tract infection mortality rate in each WHO region mortality stratum to the median in countries with very low mortality. We calculated cardiovascular disease mortality rates associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 infection with the ratio of excess deaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases during the pandemic in five countries and multiplied these values by the crude respiratory disease mortality rate associated with the virus. Respiratory and cardiovascular mortality rates associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 were multiplied by age to calculate the number of associated deaths. FINDINGS: We estimate that globally there were 201 200 respiratory deaths (range 105,700-395,600) with an additional 83,300 cardiovascular deaths (46,000-179,900) associated with 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1. 80% of the respiratory and cardiovascular deaths were in people younger than 65 years and 59% occurred in southeast Asia and Africa. INTERPRETATION: Our estimate of respiratory and cardiovascular mortality associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 was 15 times higher than reported laboratory-confirmed deaths. Although no estimates of sCFRs were available from Africa and southeast Asia, a disproportionate number of estimated pandemic deaths might have occurred in these regions. Therefore, efforts to prevent influenza need to effectively target these regions in future pandemics. FUNDING: None. |
Surveillance of transmitted HIV drug resistance using matched plasma and dried blood spot specimens from voluntary counseling and testing sites in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2007-2008
Duc NB , Hien BT , Wagar N , Tram TH , Giang le T , Yang C , Wolfe MI , Hien NT , Tuan NA . Clin Infect Dis 2012 54 Suppl 4 S343-7 During 2007-2008, surveillance of transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance (TDR) was performed following World Health Organization guidance among clients with newly diagnosed HIV infection attending voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) sites in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. Moderate (5%-15%) TDR to nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) was observed among VCT clients aged 18-21 years. Follow-up surveillance of TDR in HCMC and other geographic regions of Vietnam is warranted. Data generated will guide the national HIV drug resistance surveillance strategy and support selection of current and future first-line antiretroviral therapy and HIV prevention programs. |
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